Death of Thomas D'Arcy McGee, 7 April 1868

On this day, 7 April 1868, almost a year after Canadian Confederation, Thomas D'Arcy McGee was assassinated in Ottawa. There was an incredible outpouring of grief, he was well known as a politician working towards Confederation and he was one of Sir John A. Macdonald's closest friends. McGee was assassinated outside of his rooming house, located within walking distance of Parliament in Ottawa; his funeral in Montreal was the largest funeral for a Canadian politician, statesman, and poet.

The funeral cortege in Montreal, 1868

Wanted poster for the assassin of Thomas D'Arcy McGee

The funeral cortege in Montreal, 1868

McGee mausoleum at Cote des Neiges Cemetery, 2015

Notman photograph of McGee's Mausoleum, 1926

McGee's mausoleum, 2015

McGee's mausoleum, November 2015

McGee's mausoleum, November 2015

Stephen Morrissey outside of Thomas D'Arcy McGee's mausoleum, winter 2015

At McGee's Mausoleum, 2012

Ten Notes on Thomas D’Arcy McGee

Thomas D’Arcy McGee

1. Thomas D’Arcy McGee wasn’t a poet, like W.B Yeats, who was also involved in politics. Yeats was a distinguished poet and later, after Irish independence, he became a Senator in Ireland. McGee is a political thinker and activist who also wrote and published poems. Yeats: poet first; McGee: politician first. 

 2. Most of McGee’s poems have little interest for us today; if they do interest us, it is because they were written by Thomas D’Arcy McGee. 

Here I am visiting McGee's mausoleum at Cote des Neiges
Cemetery in Montreal. 

3. McGee makes several very contradictory changes in his life: he was a liberal in Ireland, then a very conservative and reactionary Roman Catholic in the United States, and then a liberal again in Canada. These are all opposing and difficult to reconcile positions. 

4. McGee pointed out that most Irish immigrants in the mid-19th Century did better in Canada than had they gone to the United States. My own family, like many others from Ireland, flourished in Canada. Canada has been a country of opportunities for us. 

5. Psychology, per se, had not yet been invented during McGee’s life. McGee’s psychology seems to have been dominated by the early death of his mother and the subsequent rejection of him by his stepmother. McGee had an unfortunate personal trait of attempting to ingratiate himself with those he felt were his superiors. Perhaps this was caused by his early home life. 

6. McGee was obviously a highly intelligent man—perhaps he was gifted—a man whose career before coming to Canada was distinguished by his writing, his work as an editor, and his political activism for Irish independence. He rose quickly in his career as a writer and orator for his political causes, he was more famous before coming to Canada than most of us realize. 

7. McGee’s assassination, by Patrick Whelan of the Fenian Brotherhood, helped to mythologize McGee’s life. 

 8. I doubt that most of McGee’s poetry has anything other than historical interest. Just compare him to other poets of approximately that time, compare him to Emile Nelligan, the Montreal-born poet. Nelligan’s poetry has depth and sophistication; for the most part, McGee’s poetry doesn’t. 

 

9. What is McGee's achievement? As a politician, he achieved what he worked towards, which is Canadian Confederation, but having achieved that he was also personally less and less popular with his constituency. 

10. Few things help to mythologize a life better than an untimely death; in this case McGee's assassination differentiates him from just about all of the other politicians at that time. The details of his death are that in April 1868, after speaking late into the night in the House of Commons, he returned to the humble rooming house where he lived in Ottawa, here he was murdered by Patrick Whelan. A few days later, over forty thousand people crowded Montreal streets as his funeral cortege passed. This was the beginning of his transformation from historical personage to mythological character. In this, he does what few poets, or politicians, achieve: he is remembered.